(34) However, in the case of GO-Ag nanocomposites, the TL intensity increases with a peak position at 410 K along with a shoulder at 510 K. GO shows a prominent TL peak at 422 K due to the relaxation of defects such as lattice defects or disorders, which were trapped by charge carriers during gamma irradiation. (33) Figure 8a represents the glow curve of GO and GO-Ag nanocomposite at a gamma irradiation dose of 1 kGy. Thermoluminescence (TL) for GO and GO-Ag nanocomposite were recorded using a Harshaw TL reader 3500 after irradiation by a gamma irradiation source (Co 60). The TL curve provides important information such as kinetic parameters (activation energy, frequency factor, and order of kinetics) of materials, which have been subjected to radiations earlier.

Thermoluminescence (TL) is a well-known process that occurs due to thermally assisted release of irradiation-induced electrons from traps of the material. (23) AgNPs are dispersed on the surface of GO and intercalated in between the layers of GO to study the electrochemical properties and photocatalytic dye degradation rate of the samples. (22) Recently, due to its bactericidal nature, AgNPs are getting much attention in antibacterial applications. Among all transition elements, silver (Ag) is the most conductive and reactive material and has also been used recently in fabricating silver-doped graphene oxide with favorable properties of low resistance, good dispersion, and enhanced mechanical strength. (5в€’21) However, the nanocomposite enhances GO properties.

GO has high conductivity and shows diverse applications in the field such as sensors, anticancer properties, electronics, biomedicine antibacterial coatings, photocatalytic activity, water decontamination, solar desalination, and drug delivery. (4) Moreover, the surface functionalization of GO has presented many opportunities regarding its application in the development of nanocomposite materials. (2,3) Due to the presence of these functional groups, GO exhibits hydrophilic character that makes it a water-soluble nanomaterial. (1) Like graphene, GO has a similar hexagonal carbon structure with hydroxyl (в€’OH), alkoxy (CвЂ“OвЂ“C), carbonyl (CвЂ“O), carboxylic acid (в€’COOH), and other oxygen-based functional groups as shown in Figure 1. Graphene oxide (GO), a monolayer sheet of graphite, serves as a precursor for the synthesis of reduced graphene oxide (rGO). Among the nanomaterials, graphene and related compounds have emerged as a distinctive class of materials because of their unique structure and functionalities. Over the last few decades with the advent of nanotechnology, scientists have drawn extreme research interest regarding nanomaterial development.

This knowledge will be helpful in determining the antibacterial property of the GO-Ag nanocomposite in the future. Results reveal that doping of AgNPs on the GO surface not only improves its dye degradation property but also enhances its thermoluminescence property. The photocatalytic application of the nanocomposite was studied using degradation of methylene blue dye. Electrochemical reversibility of the GO-Ag nanocomposite was examined by cyclic voltammetry. The thermoluminescence property of the nanocomposite was analyzed by irradiating the samples in gamma radiation at 1 kGy. The surface morphology of synthesized nanoparticles was studied using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The synthesized nanocomposite was characterized using powder X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Graphene oxide (GO) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized by modified HummerвЂ™s and Chemical reduction methods, respectively. Graphene oxide-silver nanocomposite (GO-Ag) was fabricated via the sonochemical method, which shows unique physiochemical properties.

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